ESSAY. Unespected Changes of African Democracy

Letter to Letter message electoral. The nature of words By angel Bashile.

Nature of words. 

Abstract

"The first portion of this paper describes a behavioral conception of the sign-process as developed from a general mediation theory of learning. The remainder is concerned with the problem of measuring meaning… . The development of a semantic differential as a general method of measuring meaning is described. It involves (a) the use of factor analysis to determine the number and nature of factors entering into semantic description and judgment, and (b) the selection of a set of specific scales corresponding to these factors.

ESSAY  Democracy Party

Democray is a strong political movement and many people support their views. The Democratic Party has many basic beliefs. They believe in creating long-term economic growth, stability in Social Security, a Patient's Bill of Rights, and equality for women. A long term of economic growth is one main belief of the Democratic Party. They want to cut taxes for lower and middle class citizens to stimulate economic growth and create more job opportunities. Another basic belief of the Democratic Party is security and stability of Social Security. Democrats work to maintain the security for senior citizens, disabled people, and survivors of family members who have died.

 There would be millions pof people in poverty if they did not receive Social Security. The third main belief is a Patient's Bill of Rights. The Democratic Party wants to institute this Bill of Rights so that medical decisions are made by doctors and their patients and not the insurance companies that are paying for the health care. This has been an ongoing fight. The fourth basic belief is the equal rights for women. Democrats believe in equal pay for women, along with equal opportunity. Another big part of women's rights is the right to choose. They believe that it is the women's right to choose to take responsibility for a child or to terminate it before the child is born. disagree. All of the beliefs are essential to the Democratic Party.


Short Quiz Of African Politics

The terms imperialism, nationalism and genocide all have different meanings and they are all correlated. Imperialism and nationalism have influenced the mass murder of ethnic groups, while in some instances extinction of a group was the desired outcome. Imperialism, nationalism, and genocide are political terms that were practiced and created by governing powers. Corrupt governments and political leaders promoted imperialism and nationalism in search of overall power. Nations were united and came to believe that genocide would create a more pure race and a better style of living. These ideas were implemented by governing powers as a solution to its nation's problems and shortcomings. 

Imperial governments had logical reasoning for colonizing in other regions. Benefits such as natural resources, control of land, and the profit it generated gave notice to a superior nation which promoted imperialism. Imperialism almost always resulted in death and destruction from the settling of new European colonies. King Leopold the II claimed the Congo basin of Africa as Belgian territory and assumed control of that region. He had control of the natural resources in that region and was able to generate a profit from exporting goods.

 King Leopold requested that his claim for the Congo region be recognized internationally. Europe decided that his claim would stand, but that future claims had to show proof of a community and a developing economy. King Leopold reaped the benefits of his imperialistic claim of African land; other European nations decided they wanted the same opportunity to expand their territory and increase economic wealth.

By the early 1900's a large portion of Africa had been colonized by European nations that took control with force, using then modern weapons. The colonization of these regions was inhumane and resulted in unnecessary bloodshed. Many of the native Africans in these regions were killed, or lost their freedom, while the countries were stripped of their leaders.

Imperialism

Imperialism of Africa generally had some economic benefits, but it led to slavery and mistreatment of the native people of Africa. Governing powers competed with their neighbors to gain control of weaker nations at the expense of the natives. 

Nationalism

Nationalism is a nation's pride in its culture, language, and history. When a nation adopts nationalism it can take a variety of forms. "It can drive a state into expansionist military conflicts in an attempt to increase the nation's power or to bring within the nation's borders national groups living outside. Nationalism can also lead to persecution or, at its extreme, genocide of ethnic minorities". (Derbyshire, web) The success of nations that had colonized African countries had brought a sense of pride to these European colonies. The economic success and expansion of property had also given these European nations a sense of superiority. It also gave nations a sense of unity and safety; belonging to a group that represented its culture.

Nationalism is a political, social, and economic system characterized by the promotion of the interests of a particular nation, especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining sovereignty (self-governance) over the homeland. The political ideology of nationalism holds that a nation should govern themselves, free from outside interference, and is linked to the concept of self-determination.

Social Patriotism

Patriotism or national pride is the ideology of love and devotion to a homeland, and a sense of alliance with other citizens who share the same values. This attachment can be a combination of many different features relating to one's own homeland, including ethnic, cultural, political or historical aspects. It encompasses a set of concepts closely related to those of nationalism. Some manifestations of patriotism emphasise the "land" element in love for one's native land and play up the symbolism of agriculture and the soil - compare Blut und Boden.

Essay modernization approach To African Fisrt Coalition Party

While the modernization approach "presented a hopeful general framework of progressive development," and the statist theory "[reassesses] the role of the state and pinpoints the effects of political frailty and mismanagement," they both fail to place fault in the correct perspective regarding the difficulty of development in African politics. This paper will aim to prove the dependency theory presents a better analysis of African politics through comparison with modernization and statist theories with regard to: the identified cause of Africa's current state of impoverishment, the challenges each theory presents to Africa's attempts at development, and critiques of each theory.

The modernization perspective on African politics states that "if African countries faltered on [development,] then surely these shortcomings could be attributed either to poor judgment or to an inability to overcome cultural impediments deeply rooted in African societies." That is, the current problems of African politics are due to poor judgment on behalf of the decision-makers. In light of this generalization, modernization theorists find that African politics will evolve into a modern, more "westernized" continent. 

Using some concepts from modernization theorists, the statist approach identifies current leaders as the root of the systematic problems of African politics. It further goes on to declare that if "Africa is undergoing a process of impoverishment, then the leaders of the new states bear much of the blame for this state of affairs." The dependency approach to African politics, which presents the subject most accurately, argues that the current state of impov!.

Erishment "is a result of circumstances that have enabled others to benefit at their expense." In other words, the African states are unable to defeat poverty because of the exploitative powers of former colonialistic countries.

In almost every case, African nations are still controlled by their former colonial masters. For example, if a conflict breaks out in an African country, the European nation that controlled that country during colonialism steps in. That European country and its indigenous corporations have economic interests to protect and will place them far above the interest of the people involved in the conflict. This control is especially prevalent in the politics of the nation; corporations in Europe manipulate Africans to get or keep control over raw materials. Generally in the media, the civil warfare and its carnage are focused on, but never the people pulling the strings. 

That is, those who are directly responsible for the circumstance. For example, DeBeers International Diamond Merchants has been repeatedly tied to civil wars in Angola, Sierra Leone and Congo. The large European corporation will reportedly help finance a group of fighters who will then occupy the diamond -producing region of the nation and sell the diamonds cheaply. If they do not finance the rebels originally, they buy the diamonds on the black market, which funds a civil war indirectly. Other examples of exploitative former colonial powers include the linking of Shell Oil to civil war in Nigeria, and Firestone Tire and Rubber in Liberia. Western corporations enjoy a monopoly on the national resources of most nations, and financing a war is a small price to pay to stay in control. 

The situation in Africa is more complex than it is depicted in the West, and if Africans are continually put to blame, millions of people will continually die. The dependency theory in effect proposes a direct conflict with the statist approach: Admittedly there is corruption in high offices and many African leaders need to be removed from their positions. However, the point that is often overlooked is that the citizens rarely elect these officials into office.

ESSAY African Development Strategy

'Development is the process in which someone or something grows or changes and becomes more advanced.'.
In the case of a country, it means to have a highly developed economy and be technologically advanced. The criteria to assess a country's development is by looking at its gross domestic product, , gross national product, the per capita income, level of industrialization, amount of widespread infrastructure and general standard of living. For example, countries having a high GDP, per capita income, level of industrialization, life expectancy, education system are considered to be developed. These include Norway, United Kingdom, Australia, United States of America, France, Germany etc.

Although, in contrast to the above mentioned, the number of developing and underdeveloped countries is high in the world. According to surveys carried out there are 46 developed countries, 42 least developed countries and the rest of which are progressing towards development. The least developed countries (LDC) suffer from harsh problems such as extreme poverty and hunger. Then comes the lack of infrastructure, widespread conflicts and social and political instability. Such issues hinder the development of the country and it goes spiraling down into debt cycles, negative balance of payments, corruption, unrest and total chaos. Many factors count when the way of development is paved such as political, social, economic etc. All these are discussed collectively below in the theory explained below with several case studies listed as examples.

World System Theory.


This theory was put forward by Immanual Wallerstein in his book The Modern World System: Capitalist Agriculture and the Origins of the European World Economy in the Sixteenth Century. He develops a theoretical framework to show that while some countries benefit from the world economic system, the others are taken advantage of. As a basis for comparison, Wallerstein proposes three different categories core, periphery and semi-periphery.

Essay African Development Theory

Programmatic assessment of theories provides insight from different theorists on how, why, and what he or she believes are steps needed to be taken or followed to obtain specific results. Since the early 1800's, several theorists have developed theories pertaining to thinking, feeling, behavior, and learning. The following contents will summarize a few learning theories, such as classical and operant conditioning, cognitive development, and psychosocial development. Researching different theories will assist the reader and therapist in understanding and implementing treatments for individuals pertaining to physical, emotional, mental, and spiritual across the life span. .

Theories.

As far back in history as one can research, individuals have displayed inquisitive behavior, which demonstrates a capacity to learn, and learn new behaviors. According to the psychology dictionary, learning is defined as the process through which one acquires new information or build on information previously learnt (Psychology Dictionary, 2013). The author of this paper believes the more one learns the information absorbed creates a stimulus creating changes in behaviors, reactions, and perspectives. Through the year's theorist have questioned and studied how behavior is formed and what affects behavior. One of the first theorists to study the process of how learning affects individuals' behaviors, and formed the school of thought known as behaviorism was John Watson (All Psych Online, 2011).

Classical Conditioning.

Behaviorism is known as the school of thought in psychology, and the theory states learning occurs through interactions with the environment (Cherry, 2013). Several Behavioral theories exist today; however, classical conditioning was one of the first behavioral theories developed by Ivan Pavlov during 1849-1936. This theory states that the learning process is associated between environmental stimuli and the natural stimuli (Cherry, 2013).