THE WESB.


LYRICS -THE THESIS- RETROCESSION OF EMIGRATION-
Downhill Sports für uns alle - for all of us to all of you.
Chapter 10

THE WESB Trump has new ideas of sports investments. 
THE WORLD ECONOMIC SPORT BRAND FORUM ZERMATT BY DOWNHILL SPORTS.
Before everything else, getting ready is the secret of success.
The WESB , which features SPORT  business, political and cultural iniatives participants from around the world, aims to develop a shared global narrative to improve the state of the world. This year Will be no different, and the programme, initiatives and projects of the meeting we will focus on creating a “shared future in a fractured world”.

Sport System Initiatives
The global, regional and Sport challenges facing the world are the result of many “systems” – from global systems that influence the environment and natural resource security, to the economic systems that create inequality, to the regional systems that determine the fortunes of nations, to the industry systems that determine the effectiveness of supply and demand. To enable our constituents to make sustained positive change, we work with them to understand and influence the entirety of the Sport system that affects the challenges and opportunities they are trying to address. We do this through a series of Sport Initiatives, described here.
Congo - Zaire is one of the most sophisticated, diverse and promising emerging markets in the world. Strategically located at the mittle of the African continent, Congo - Zaire is a key investment location, both for the commercial opportunities within its borders and the potential it offers as a gateway to the rest of the continent - a market of some 1-billion people.

Downhill Sport Brand launches the CEOs Know Campaign South Africa & Congo - Zaire.
Zürich, Tuesday 27 March 2018 – Inspired by the need to build a positive reputation for Africa, Bra the official marketing campaign BEHIND THE SCENES will today launch a digital campaign called CEO’s Know.

The campaign is in collaboration with Business Leadership in Africa and will run for six weeks, with an objective of positioning South Africa & Congo- Zaire as in ideal investment destination. The CEOs Know Campaign will feature various CEO’s from multinational corporations based in Africa, who will share insights behind their continued investment into Africa.

The campaign will probe into the overarching question ‘why invest in Africa’ – and will showcase inspiring stories as told by the respective CEOs, who uncover facts that are not commonly known about investing in Africa, thereby highlighting Africa’s competitive strengths as an attractive foreign investment destination.

“For this campaign, we took a word of mouth approach with private sector CEOs, as it is a critical indicator in influencing business decisions to invest in any country. This translates to how their respective organisations then contribute and respond to South Africa’s economic growth and development”.

Follow the conversation on #OPENAFRICA #FürUnsAlle

The Open Africa Initiative, a programme aimed at advancing the concept of intra-Africa economic and cultural integration – while boosting the continent’s young entrepreneurs – had a strong presence at this year’s World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland.






The Open Africa Initiative, founded by the Africa50 Global Shapers in May 2017, is making strides in its quest to advocate a better future for young Africans through increased intra-Africa trade.
The Open Africa Initiative, which was founded by the Africa50 Global Shapers in May 2017, is making strides in its quest to advocate a better future for young Africans through increased intra-Africa trade. (Image: Open Africa Initiative)Open Africa used the WESB platform to give a voice to African Sport business and to shape the future of Africa Sports by joining the global effort in co-design, co-create and collaborate.

The world most powerfull sport brands
The Forbes SportsMoney Index has ranked more than 400 athletes, brands, sports teams, and agencies according to their financial power and influential relationships with others in the sports world.Forbes has long been the ultimate Branding of financial success in pro sports, tracking the world's most valuable teams and highest-sport values. 

FORBES SportsMoney Index: Ranking Money in Sports Have you ever wondered who the highest paid athletes in all of sports are? Or the most valuable teams? The most influential brands? To answer these pressing questions of our time, Forbes compiled a unique index to track and rank money in sports.

Forbes describes the new index: “To create the SMI, we’ve combined all of FORBES’ SportsMoney annual valuations lists (sports teams, brands, athletes, agencies) and proprietary financial data into a single ranking that reflects their monetary success and how their values affect one another. This is the first time that a cross-category ranking of sports business influence has ever been compiled.”

The main factor that makes FORBES SportsMoney Index uniquely comprehensive is its mapping of all connections between brands, agencies, athletes, and teams. This is how the aforementioned cross-category ranking is determined. As a result, the financial world may now study how wealth is truly generated and established in the domain of sports.

Admittedly, for us the benefit is a bit less academic, though nonetheless interesting. When it comes to sports, comparing statistics is one of the most satisfying activities of speculation. Below you’ll find the top 3 brands in sports and the top 3 teams and athletes in soccer, basketball, baseball, and football. And for the fans of other sports, below the top 3 we’ve included the most valuable athletes and teams of every other sport ranked in the order they appear. We have not included the number of connections to other brands each brand, team, or athlete has. For that, and more, view Forbes’ fantastic, complete list here.
Top 3 Brands:
1 (#1) Nike
SMI Connections 9 Value: 27.5 B Revenue: $30 B
2 (#4) Pepsi
SMI Connections 4 Value: 19.4B Revenue: 11.8B
3 (#13) Budweiser
SMI Connections 14 Value: 23.4B Revenue: 10.9B
Top 3 Teams:
1 (#2)Real Madrid (Soccer)
Value: 3.6 B
Revenue: 694 B
Operating Income: 162 M
2 (#3) Barcelona (Soccer)
Value: 3.5 B
Revenue: 675 M
Operating Income: 108M
3 (#6) NYY (Baseball)
Value: 3.4B
Revenue: 516M
Operating Income: 13M
Top Teams in Other Sports:
(#10) New York Giants (Football)
Value: 3.1B
Revenue: 444M
Operating Income: 133M
(#11) New York Knicks (Basketball)
Value: 3B
Revenue: 307M
Operating Income: 109M
(#115) Chicago Blackhawks (Hockey)
Value: 925M
Revenue: 173M
Operating Income: 34.4M
(#144) Ferrari (Auto Racing)
Value: 1.3B
Revenue: 455 M
Operating Income: 7M
Top 3 Athletes:
1 (#5) LeBron James (Basketball Cavaliers)
LeBron James is the only top ranked athlete in the index that doesn’t play for one of the top 3 most valuable teams. The Cavs are the 5th most valuable team in basketball and sit as the 38th most valuable team in all of sports.
Just the 3rd player in NBA history to make at least $30 million in salary (joins Jordan and Bryant) Added Intel and Verizon last year, joining Nike, Coca-Cola (Sprite), Beats By Dre, and Kia Motor.
Total Earnings: 86 M
Endorsements: 55 M
Salary: 31 M
2 (#7) Cristiano Ronaldo (Soccer Real Madrid)
Worlds most popular athlete (200 Million social media followers) Nike, Tag Heuer, Sacoor Brothers suits, and Monster Headphones endorsements. 3-time FIFA best player in the world, made at least 50 goals in over six seasons in a row for Real Madrid.
Total Earnings: 88M
Endorsements: 32M
Salary 55M
3 (#9) Lionel Messi (Soccer Barcelona)
Won FIFA’s play of the year award 5 times.
Total Earnings: 81.4M
Endorsements: 28M
Salaray: 53.4M
Top Athletes in Other Sports:
(#19) Eli Manning (Football Giants)
Total Earnings: 45M
Endorsements: 8M
Salary: 37M
(#58) Jacoby Ellsbury (Baseball NYY)
Total Earnings 21.8 M
Endorsements: 600K
Salary: 21.2 M
(#73) Jordan Spieth (Golf)
Total Earnings: 52.8M
Endorsements: 32M
Salary: 20.8M
(#87) Roger Federer (Tennis)
Total Earnings: 67.8M
Endorsements: 60M
Salary: 7.8M
(#126) Denny Hammlin (Auto Racing – Nascar)
Total Earnings: 15.2M
Endorsements: 1.8M
Salary: 13.4M
(#134) Alex Ovechkin (Hockey )
Total Earnings: 12M
Endorsements: 3M
Salary: 10M
#191 Floyd Mayweather (Boxing)
Total Earngings: 44M
Endorsements: 12M
Salary: 32M

FORCE INVESTMENS & LES^SENCE Swiss sustainable group  in collaboration with the GHETTO BEATS FOUNDATION are we responsables for the best  “we call“ 2self own-wellness economic.

PROPORTIONAL TAX: It is a type of income tax that takes the same tax rate (in %) from the incomes from every household in the society despite how much he or she earns.

PROGRESSIVE TAX: It is a type of tax that takes a higher tax rate (in %) from the incomes of the “rich people” (high income people) than it does from the “poorer people” (low income people).

REGRESSIVE TAX: It is a type of tax that takes a higher tax rate (in %) from the low-income people than from the high-income people. It is the opposite of progressive tax since it takes a larger percentage from the low-income people rather than the high-income people.
PROS & CONS
Progressive Tax:

Pro: In terms of equity, progressive taxes is not meant to discipline or hurt the high-income people who have succeeded but it is trying to help and protect the people who have not succeeded by taking a lower tax rate from them and allowing them to keep more money for their basic necessities.

Con: One may say that this type of taxation is unfair to the “rich” since they have to pay more for being successful. In fact, the “rich” people would argue that they should either get rewarded or should not be taxed really high.
Regressive Tax:

Pro: It may make households want to work harder and produce more so they could still have a an appropriate amount of money. With people producing more, the countries productivity levels could rise.

Con: It would have a huge effect on the low-income people or the lower income companies since a huge percentage of their income would go to taxes. This might affect their consumption of daily necessities for survival. This could lead to an increase in poverty levels. Equity may not be justified in this case.

Proportional Tax:

Pro: Their would be both equity and equality amongst the society since each household is paying the same tax rate, regardless of their status in the society.

Con: The government may not benefit much from this system in comparison to the other tax systems which may affect government spending.

Evaluation:

I think that the best is the progressive taxing system. Progressive taxes is not meant to discipline or hurt the high-income people who have succeeded but it is trying to help and protect the people who have not yet reached the high-income level or to the people who have not succeeded. This would mean, this taxation system would help to reduce the poverty level of a country. On the other hand, economists would believe that the progressive tax system is unfair to the rich since they are being penalized for their success. As mentioned above, the rich people would argue that they should get either rewarded for getting a high income or should not be taxed really high. This may be a more psychological argument, but I think it would make sense as long as the rich are able to pay for their basic necessities and also be able to consume.

The question about this taxation system may be, “does it really help the poor?” I think that it would help to diminish the poverty level in a country. Since a person from the low-income group would pay a less tax rate, it would mean that they would have more money to pay for the basic necessities for survival since this takes a huge part in a person’s income.



FORCE INVESTMENTS CORPORATE TAX - SWITZERLAND.

Taxation of US in Switzerland – Federal Court rules against hybrid treatment.
The Federal Court recently issued a key decision on the fiscal treatment of a US limited liability company (LLC). The court ruled that the LLC should be qualified as a partnership from a {FORCE} Swiss tax perspective. This assessment was based mainly on fiscal pass-through treatment in the United States. Consequently, the LLC's payments to the Swiss partner were taxed as income derived from independent services in Switzerland.

Taxation of distributions for the benefit of people
Based on the qualification as a partnership and the assumption of business activity conducted by the LLC, the court qualified the payments from the LLC to the Swiss resident partner as income derived from independent services under  GOODS Swiss tax law. According to the court, this is consistent with the double  good taxation treaty aviality.From a Swiss perspective, the distributionsof values will be treated as positive dividend payments in terms of development values.

Swiss civil law are devolping  a new taxes system for the benefetic of cultre & Healht investments.It  is dominated by the dichotomy between partnerships on the one hand and corporations on the other. while only corporations are recognised as legal persons. The same applies to Swiss tax law, as it is generally based on civil law (known as the 'authoritative principle'). Therefore, until now it has been positive which rules US LLCs should be qualified under FORCE INVESTMENTS.

How can the world deliver affordable and quality healthcare for nearly 9.7 billion people by 2050?

The world will be home to nearly 9.7 billion people by 2050, putting unprecedented stress on healthcare resources. Technological advancements are transforming care, but for whom and at what cost? What is basic care versus luxury? How is inclusive access to care ensured?

The System Initiative on Shaping the Future of Health and Healthcare transforms the continuum of care – from prevention to diagnosis, treatment, cure and maintenance of health – to enable people to lead healthier lives and access the care they need to fulfil their potential.

LES^SENCE SUSTAINABLE GROUP.
The World Bank estimates global population sizes of approximately 8.5 billion by 2030 and 9.2 billion by 2040. As recently as 2014, the United States and United Kingdom spent approximately 17.1% and 9.1% of Gross Domestic Product on healthcare related expenditures respectively. This is expected to grow in line with the increasing population at rates that will prove to be unsustainable in the medium to long term. Despite these predictions, the approach to healthcare delivery in most markets remains focused on volume and process guidelines rather than true value for patients. Value in this case is defined as the outcomes that matter to patients relative to the cost of delivering those outcomes (i.e. outcomes per dollar spent).

A fundamental recalibration of focus – from volume to value – is needed to ensure a system where the outcomes that matter to patients are prioritized. A value based approach starts by measuring outcomes that matter to a particular population segment and then using those measurements to tailor interventions for that population segment across the care pathway. Four game-changing enablers need to be in place to accelerate the shift towards a patient-centric value-driven approach:

· Informatics: Our ability to leverage the capabilities of advancing technologies to collect, analyze and reuse data to measure and compare value

· Benchmarking Research & Tools: Creating transparency for evidence-based comparisons that spur relevant innovation while also creating algorithms to assist clinician and physician decision making

· Payments: Compensation and reimbursement mechanisms that support value improvement rather than increased volume of care

· Delivery Organisations: Adapting the way providers, pharma, and medtech partner to collaborate across the care chain in pursuit of better patient outcomes

In addition to these enablers, the ability of policymakers to remove barriers to outcomes measurement, data sharing, innovative payments, cooperation along the care chain, and new business models will be crucial in ensuring a level playing field and ensuring a focus on value.


LES^SENCE Elements of a value based approach to care delivery has shown significant success at the organizational level in institutions such as Bill gates Foundation, but all the critical enablers have never been fully implemented at the national level. With wider adoption, value-based healthcare has the potential to truly revolutionise healthcare delivery systems of the future.

Sports will Save the World  Reflections of NELSON MANDELA Sports, Diplomacy, and Globalization.
A love all sports — playing, watching, arguing, rooting, buying gear — is one of the great commonalities of being human. Along with religion, music, and, of course, war and trade — sports is a global activity which crosses borders and has the power to unite as well as divide. Sports diplomacy is increasingly an important tool in the “soft FORCE” arsenal of nations. An invitation from Mao and Chou En Lai to the U.S. ping pong team to visit China paved the way for Nixon’s famous visit and the opening of relations between the two countries. During the Clinton administration, the U.S. tried wrestling diplomacy with Iran to make overtures to the revolutionary government, and baseball diplomacy has been attempted with Cuba a number of times.

Other countries also understand the use of sports as effective public diplomacy. New Zealand has used its love of rugby and the international success of the All Blacks to engage in rugby diplomacy. The success of Serbian tennis players on the international circuit has helped to change attitudes about that country and its checkered past. Nelson Mandela made use of the world rugby tournament to highlight his public support for the Spring Boks — the favorite team of Akfrikaners — to reach out to white South Africans (a story told by Clint Eastwood in the film Invictus).

We selected as our basic text a new book, Gaming The World: How Sports Are Reshaping Global Politics and Culture, by professors Andrei Markovits and Lars Rensman, which addresses many of the issues which seem most relevant to us.

A few papers explored the expansion of NBA recruiting to Africa  its will bring positive effects in Afrca Recovery.   Of course, sports can’t save the world from the effects of global warming or by themselves solve economic inequality in the world economy. For that, politics is required.

DOWNHILL SPORTS & THE WEBS.

OUR MISSION is to bring all the best sports- Humans ever in the First Economical Sport Brand Forum.

Sports build character. Character is built by good parenting, strong families, and decent communities. However, sports can represent universal values of hard work, discipline, focus, courage, and teamwork. Organized sports is also a good model of regulated competition and equal opportunity.

Sports be used more effectively to bring people together across boundaries and religious and ethnic differences. Sports is a good vehicle for spreading a nation’s soft FORCES of power. Yes, there should be more sports diplomacy, not less. We are going to make sports diplomacy one of our ongoing areas of research and action in Occidental’s Center on Global Affairs and Politics.

New sports Investments in Education.

President Donald Trump is doubling down on his support for the controversial idea of arming school teachers as a protective and preventive measure against school shootings, indicating that aspects of such a proposal could be "up to states."
"Armed Educators (and trusted people who work within a school) love our students and will protect them," Trump tweeted Saturday. "Very smart people. Must be firearms adept & have annual training. Should get yearly bonus. Shootings will not happen again - a big & very inexpensive deterrent. Up to States.".


Learn How CyGraph Improves Cybersecurity Situational Awareness to Be More Scalable and Flexible


CyGraph incorporates an attack-graph model that maps the potential attack paths through a network. This includes any network attributes that potentially contribute to attack success, such as network topology, firewall rules, host configurations and vulnerabilities.

The dynamically evolving attack graph provides context for reacting appropriately to attacks and protecting mission-critical assets. CyGraph then ingests network events such as intrusion detection alerts and other sensor outputs, including packet capture.

It also incorporates mission dependencies, showing how mission objectives, tasks and information depend on cyber assets.

A CyGraph Network Query


Leveraging Big Data Architecture


In the CyGraph architecture, the model schema is free to evolve with the available data sources and desired analytics, rather than being fixed at design time.

The data model is based on a flexible property-graph formulation implemented in Neo4j, a NoSQL database optimized for graphs. Model extensions are simply the creation of additional of nodes, relationships and properties in the property-graph data model, and they require no schema changes or other database renormalizing.

Part of the CyGraph Data Model


Relational databases work well for referencing fixed relationship patterns, e.g., bank customers to their accounts. But the relational model has difficulties when the relationships themselves are variable, as in cybersecurity.

Graph databases have been shown to be orders of magnitude faster than relational databases for such graph-centric problems. Unlike most NoSQL databases, Neo4j enforces the ACID propertiesfor databases (atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability).

In CyGraph, REST web services provide interfaces for data ingest, analytics and graph visualization. Data in the wild are mapped to the common CyGraph data model.

This is a two-part process, in which data are first normalized and stored in a document-oriented database (MongoDB) and then represented as a graph in Neo4j.

The Neo4j native graph pattern-matching language supports a library of domain-specific queries as well as flexible ad hoc queries. CyGraph then provides a variety of clients for specialized analytic and visual capabilities, including graph dynamics, layering, grouping/filtering and hierarchical views.

The MITRE CyGraph Environment


Cyber Dynamics


CyGraph provides insight into the mission impact of cyber activities. In the CyGraph property-graph formalism, graph layers (network infrastructure, cyber defensive posture and threats, mission dependencies, etc.) define subsets of the overall model space, with relationships within and across each layer.

CyGraph clients can visualize these graph layers independently or can show layers combined. The visualizations also show the dynamic state changes of the model layers, e.g., through sensor log playback or simulation engines.

For example, cyber exploitation of a network machine is shown to have an impact on mission elements that depend on it.

A CyGraph Graph Visualization


Leveraging On-Hand Sources to Build a Common Operating Picture for Situational Awareness


In cybersecurity, each element of a network environment has the potential to impact many other things. Security scanning and monitoring tools give specific readings based on their own specialized focus.

But since everything potentially impacts everything else, CyGraph combines these disparate data points into a unified knowledge base for global situational awareness.

A key CyGraph design feature is to leverage existing tools and data sources for populating this knowledge base (e.g., topology maps, vulnerability scans, firewall configurations, sensor logs, packet captures and mission dependencies).

For example, CyGraph leverages the government off-the-shelf Topological Vulnerability Analysistool for mapping vulnerability paths from network topology, vulnerability scans and firewall rules. It also leverages MITRE’s Cyber Command System and Crown Jewels Analysis for building mission dependencies.

A Map of CyGraph Mission Dependencies


CyGraph leverages various security standards such as Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures(CVE) for known vulnerabilities, Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) for vulnerability scoring and categorization, Common Weaknesses Enumeration (CWE) for software weaknesses and Common Platform Enumeration (CPE) for vulnerable software versions.

For example, many vulnerability scanners are CVE compliant, and the National Vulnerability Database maintained by National Institute of Standards and Technology reports CVSS scores, CWE weaknesses and CPE software versions for each CVE vulnerability.

CyGraph’s comprehensive knowledge base tells a much more complete story than that of basic attack graphs or mission dependency models. CyGraph includes potential attack-pattern relationships that fill in gaps between known vulnerabilities and threat indicators.

This ability to discover vulnerability paths between alerts is especially important because often only portions of overall adversary activities are alerted. In this way, CyGraph addresses the problem of missing alerts and extrapolates observed attacker presence to trace attack origins and next possible steps.

This context gives the best options for response, especially for protecting cyber key terrain, providing global awareness of security posture and mission readiness.

The CyGraph knowledge base provides a rich framework for exploring the full stack of entities and relationships relevant to mission readiness in the face of cyber threats. While the CyGraph knowledge base for an environment is potentially large and complex, it is not necessary to view the entire knowledge graph at once.

A key analytic strategy is to provide a library of common cybersecurity queries that answer specific analytic questions as well as support custom ad hoc queries that narrow analytic focus. 

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